FM2013 训练系统以及比赛准备的简单向导

Rubbens

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On Football Manager 2013 we have a new training system. This system is a more "real life" way of carrying out training. The team generally trains as a large group with individual training time. So I think it is time for a basic introduction on how to use the new training system.

     FM2013中，训练系统重新制作了。这个系统让我们更加贴近现实的方式安排训练。球队的常规训练现在做成一整个部分，同时带有特训。因此我觉得有必要简单介绍一些怎样使用新的训练系统。



General Training
常规训练

         The bulk of your player's training is simply general training. You have a slider to allow you to decide how much time is spent on general training, and how much on match training. The general training is what will help your players develop attributes, and decide the spread of these attributes. You can choose a specific focus for your squad training and the intensity of this focus too. The focuses your team can train are:


     你的大部分球员是进行一般训练的。有一个滑块让你可以决定花更多的时间在常规训练还是比赛训练。常规训练帮助你的球员提升它的属性和这些属性的成长趋势。你可以为你的球队选择一个重点训练项目并设置训练强度。可以设置重点训练的项目有：

• Balanced（平衡）
• Fitness（体能）
• Tactics（战术）
• Ball Control（控球）
• Defending（防守）
• Attacking（进攻）
• Team Cohesion（团队合作）

       These are fairly self-explanatory. You can improve your team's tactical attributes with a tactics focus, or you can improve your team's general understanding and help them gel with a team cohesion focus instead. This should link in with your team's tactic style; an organised and defensive team will use a defensive focus to improve defensive attributes in the whole team, whereas a possession based team will tend to use a tactics or team cohesion focus. These focuses do not affect match training, they only focus on the development of attributes.

     显而易见，你可以通过战术的重点训练提升你的球队的战术属性，或者使用团队合作的重点训练提升球队的交流并把他们拧成一根绳。这将和你的球队战术有关联；一个善于组织和防守的球队会使用防守的重点训练来提升整个球队的防守属性，而控制力强的队伍偏向于使用战术或者团队合作的重点训练。这些重点训练不会影响比赛训练，它们只对属性的增长有影响。


The intensity with which your team can train at is a simple step-up from:
球队的训练强度有以下几种级别：

• Very Low（非常低）
• Low（低）
• Average（中等）
• High（高）
• Very High（非常高）

      You can alter the focus and intensity for any given week on the calendar view as well. You may decide in general you want a tactics focus on average intensity, but for the next 3 weeks you want a team cohesion focus on high intensity after a poor run of results.

      你可以在日程表上修改每周的训练重点和强度。你可以让球队进行中等强度的战术重点训练，也可以在球队经历低迷之后进行三周的高强度团队合作的重点训练。


Match Training
比赛训练

     Your match training is much the same as your match preparation from FM12, but is incorporated into training, rather than tactics. You can select general match preparation on the black bar at the top of your training view, as well as selecting a specific form of preparation for certain opposition. For instance you may wish to focus on defending set pieces for an away game against Stoke, instead of your usual focus on attacking movement. The focuses for match preparation are much the same as on FM12 too. Here they are:

     比赛训练和FM2012里面的比赛准备是一样的，但是把它归为训练而不是战术。你可以在训练页的空白栏里选择一般的比赛准备，也可以针对特定对手选择特殊训练。例如你可以在客场打斯托克时特训定位球防守而不是平时使用的进攻跑位特训。赛前准备的种类和FM2012一样，有以下几种：

• Tactics Only（战术）
• Teamwork（团队合作）
• Defensive Positioning（防守站位）
• Attacking Movement（进攻跑位）
• Defending Set Pieces（定位球防守）
• Attacking Set Pieces（定位球进攻）

      Focusing on tactics only will simply improve familiarity with the tactic. You can improve general teamwork and understanding within your side by adding Teamwork as a focus. Otherwise these are all very self-explanatory. The final aspect of match training is how much rest to allow. You can allow your team to rest both before and after a game if you wish, or you can choose either or neither. The more rest time you allow, the more it eats in to general training time, and the less you allow, the more tired your players become; through playing too many games and/or too much heavy training - so try and balance carefully how much rest you need. Later on in the season you may need to allow more rest than early on, as your players start to become jaded and the games come thick and fast.

     重点训练战术能够提升战术磨合度。你可以通过重点训练段对合作来提升团队合作和球员之间默契。这些都是显而易见的。比赛训练的最后一个方面是允许休息多少。如果你愿意你可以让你的球队在赛前或者赛后都休息，也可以都休息或者都不休息。你给的休息时间越多，就越多的减少常规训练的时间，你给的休息时间越少，你的球员就会越疲劳；考虑到比赛太多或者训练量过大，你要仔细尝试和平衡球员的休息时间。在赛季的末期你需要给球员更多的休息时间，因为这个时期，球员体能开始下降，同时赛程也会更加密集。


Coaches
教练

Your coaches are still assigned in the same way as on FM12. They still train individual aspects, with a simple 5* scoring system. The coaches workload is decided by your general training and individual training. If your team is training a ball control focus and your players are being trained in individual roles/preferred moves which are heavily based in ball control then the coach(es) assigned to ball control will have an increased workload. The more areas a coach is assigned to, the greater his workload, and the less the quality of the training he is able to give to your team.

     你的教练仍然和12一样的方式分配。他们仍然可以训练各个项目，每个项目有五个级别。你的教练的工作量由你的常规训练和个人训练决定。如果你的球队进行控球训练而你的球员额外进行个人角色或者习惯训练（？），教练的控球训练工作量会增加。教练被分配的项目越多，他的工作量就越大，同时给予你球队的训练效果也就越差。

Individual Training
个人训练

      Individual Training is the area where you can specifically alter certain things on a player's schedule without having to affect the rest of the team to achieve it. You have 4 areas you can individually alter on a player's individual schedule:

     个人训练能让你额外修改球员的训练表而不需要打乱整个球队的休息来实现。你在球员的个人训练时间表上你可以单独设置四个项目：

• Focus - Either an Individual Role (i.e. Ball Playing Defender) or a Specific Attribute (i.e. Passing) or you can choose "None" if you do not wish to utilise this aspect of training on your players.
• 特训 - 个人角色（比如初秋后卫）或者特定属性（比如传球），如果你不愿意你的球员参加这个训练，你也可以选“无”
• Focus Intensity - simply how high the intensity is on the above Role or Attribute.
• 特训强度 - 决定上面角色或者属性训练的强度
• New Position
• 新位置
• New Preferred Move
• 新习惯

Pre-Season

This is the time when your players will be lacking match fitness, and will require most work to get them physically ready for the new season. This is the best time to try a high intensity fitness regime, as well as play a reasonable number of matches, but with enough time for recovery between games. Try not to give rest days to players, as this often reduces their match fitness, something you are specifically trying to increase.

You could elect to leave the focus for training and intensity on your preferred standard, and select the focus and intensity for each week individually, meaning you do not need to remember to switch intensity and focus in a few weeks time. Your team will also need to re-familiarise tactically with each other, and with the system. So ensure there is enough match preparation time, and enough focus on team cohesion to build this up, so your team is ready for the new season.

Finally you will be given the option at the end of the season, to select the date to begin the new pre-season. You can elect to make it between 4 and 7 weeks long. The longer you have for pre-season the fitter you can make your side, and you can stave off the end of season drop in attributes that little bit earlier. Beware that beginning pre-season too early, without letting your players have a proper rest (especially those on international duty) can make your players tired earlier in the season, meaning you may have a fatigued star in December that you need to carefully manager.

Goalkeepers

Goalkeepers do not have a specific area of general training. They will simply be taken by your Goalkeeping coaches in that time for training. You can still give them individual training, but cannot teach them a new position, and their list of preferred moves available to teach is obviously smaller, so you are likely to spend a lot more time training specific attributes or roles instead.